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To summarise we may say :
On films
§Bone – calcium – greater  attenuation : white image
§Soft tissues – less  attenuation – gray image
§Air – least  attenuation, dark areas
§However … thickness also matters!
§The knee was a good example with bones and muscles. Since we are not studying details of the knee, we shall take the familiar example of a chest X-ray. But before we do that, a bit of basic directional terminology!
Image Densities